SAFE DURABLE Good ELEVATOR
Release time：2024-09-27
Traction elevator is widely used in modern buildings, as a kind of vertical transportation equipment, it realizes the up and down movement of the elevator car through the friction between the wire rope and the traction sheave. The working condition of the wire rope directly affects the operation safety and efficiency of the elevator. Wire rope slippage is a common problem, the causes of which are complex and varied, this paper will discuss these reasons in depth and provide corresponding countermeasures to help maintenance personnel to effectively prevent and solve this problem.
The Main Reasons For Wire Rope Slippage
1. Wire Rope Aging or Wear
Reasons：
n Long-term use leads to wear and tear of the wire rope surface, loss of elasticity and strength. This may be due to frequent friction, corrosion or environmental factors. The friction between the severely worn wire rope and the reel is reduced, which can easily lead to the slippage phenomenon.
Countermeasures：
n Regular Inspection: Establish a system of regular inspection of wire rope to detect wear and aging. Check the surface of the wire rope for broken wires, rust or other damage.
n Timely Replacement: Replace wire ropes in a timely manner when they are found to be severely worn or have lost strength. Follow the manufacturer's maintenance and replacement cycle requirements to avoid safety hazards caused by aging.
2. Traction Machine or Reel Failure
Reasons：
n The friction sheave or reel of the traction machine may be worn, damaged, or improperly adjusted to affect the normal pulling force of the wire rope. If the surface of the reel is irregularly worn or damaged, it can also cause slippage.
Countermeasures：
n Regular Maintenance: Conduct regular inspections and maintenance of the traction sheave and reel to check for wear or damage. Make necessary adjustments and maintenance according to the operation of the elevator.
n Replacement of Parts: For worn or damaged friction wheels or reels, repair or replace them in time to ensure that their surfaces are smooth and normal traction is maintained.
3.Insufficient Wire Rope Tensio
Reasons：
n The tension of the wire rope, if improperly adjusted or due to material fatigue loss of the original preload, may lead to insufficient friction between the wire rope and the reel, thus triggering slippage.
Countermeasures：
n Adjust Tension: Regularly check and adjust the tension of the wire rope to ensure that it is within the recommended range. Use professional tools to measure tension and adjust according to standards.
n Monitor the Tension System: Check whether the tension adjusting device is working properly and make sure the tension system can be adjusted automatically during elevator operation.
4.Pulley System Problem
Reasons：
n The sheave or guide rail system may be worn, contaminated or improperly installed, affecting the smooth operation of the wire rope. If the pulley system is out of alignment or malfunctions, it will lead to unstable operation of the wire rope.
Countermeasures：
n Regular Cleaning and Inspection: clean the pulleys and guide rails regularly to remove accumulated dust and oil, and check their wear and tear. If necessary, make adjustments or replace worn parts.
n Calibrate Pulleys: Ensure the centering and installation accuracy of the pulley system to avoid wire rope slippage caused by improper installation.
5.Load Overload
Reasons：
n The elevator load exceeds the designed carrying capacity, resulting in the wire rope running under overload and increasing the risk of slippage. If the elevator is often overloaded, the wire rope is prone to excessive pressure, resulting in slippage.
Countermeasures：
n Comply with Load Regulations: Strictly comply with the rated load of the elevator and do not overload the elevator. Monitor the load of the elevator to ensure that it does not exceed the safety limit.
n Installation of Load Monitoring Devices: Load monitoring devices can be installed in the elevator to detect the load condition of the elevator in real time, so as to avoid wire rope slippage caused by overloading.
6.Insufficient lubrication
Reasons：
n Insufficient lubrication of the wire rope or reel will increase the friction and cause the wire rope to slip during operation. Insufficient lubricant may make the contact between the wire rope and the reel poor.
Countermeasures：
n Regular lubrication: lubricate the wire rope and reel regularly according to the manufacturer's requirements. Use a suitable lubricant and ensure that the lubricant is evenly applied to the surface of the wire rope and drum.
n Check the Lubrication System: Check the working condition of the lubrication system regularly to ensure that the lubrication equipment operates normally, and carry out the necessary maintenance and supplementation.
7.Elevator Control System Failure
Reasons：
n Failure of the control system may lead to unstable operation of the traction machine, thus affecting the traction of the wire rope. Failure of the control system may lead to unstable operation of the elevator, triggering wire rope slippage.
Countermeasures：
n Regular Inspection and Debugging: regularly inspect and debug the elevator control system to ensure its normal operation. Test the various components of the control system and repair the problems found in time.
n System Upgrade: If the control system is outdated or has frequent problems, consider upgrading the system or replacing relevant components to improve the stability and performance of the system.
The traction sheave plays a vital role in elevator operation, and the friction between its surface and the wire rope determines the movement effect of the wire rope. Prolonged operation will cause the surface of the traction sheave to be worn, scratched or damaged, so that its roughness decreases, thus reducing the contact friction with the wire rope and causing the wire rope to slip. The degree of wear can be assessed by visual inspection or by using specialized measuring tools. When the wear reaches a certain level, it may be necessary to replace or repair the traction sheave.
2.Wear and Aging of Wire Rope
Wire ropes are subjected to great mechanical stresses during elevator use, especially in the case of frequent operation or high loads. Environmental factors such as moisture, corrosion and temperature changes will also accelerate the aging and wear of wire rope. The wear of the wire rope is manifested in rope strand breakage, diameter reduction, surface corrosion, etc. These factors will lead to the reduction of the strength and elasticity of the wire rope, thus weakening its friction with the traction sheave, which in turn triggers slippage. Regular inspection of wire rope, timely replacement of damaged wire rope is an effective way to prevent such problems.
The tension of the wire rope is a key factor to ensure the normal operation of the elevator. If the tension is insufficient, the friction is insufficient and the wire rope may slip on the traction sheave. Reasons for insufficient rope tension may include improper adjustment of the tensioning device, uneven rope elongation or expansion, and so on. Tensioning devices usually include adjusting bolts, tensioning sheaves, etc., which need to be adjusted according to the specific design of the elevator and operating conditions to ensure that the tension is within a reasonable range.
The diameter of the traction sheave and the diameter of the wire rope must be matched, otherwise it will lead to poor contact, thus affecting the friction. Poorly designed sheave grooves of the traction sheave can also lead to slippage of the wire rope. For example, a wheel groove that is too wide or too narrow may result in the wire rope not fitting tightly, which in turn affects the transmitted friction. Correct selection and installation of traction sheave, and ensure that its design and wire rope matching, is an important measure to prevent slippage.
Lubrication is an important factor to ensure good contact between wire rope and sheave. Proper lubrication can reduce friction loss and wear, but too much or too little lubricant can have a negative effect. Excessive accumulation of lubricant may form an oil film and reduce friction, while insufficient lubrication may result in increased friction and uneven friction. Regularly checking the lubrication condition, adjusting the lubricant quantity, and using the proper lubricant are essential to ensure proper operation.
Uneven distribution of load in the elevator system during operation can also lead to wire rope slippage. If the load in the elevator car is too heavy or the load is unevenly distributed, it may cause the wire rope to be subjected to uneven force, thus producing slippage on the traction sheave. Inspection and maintenance of load sensors and control systems can help monitor and adjust load distribution to avoid overload and uneven load problems.
Regular inspection and maintenance of the sheave, wire rope and its related parts are required to detect wear or damage in a timely manner. Professionals should regularly check the surface condition of the traction sheave and the wear and tear of the wire rope, and replace or repair any problematic parts. Regular maintenance can not only prolong the service life of the equipment, but also improve the operation safety of the elevator.
Regularly check the tension of the wire rope to ensure that it is within the proper range. If the tensioning device is found to be faulty or improperly adjusted, adjust or repair it in time. Reasonable tension can improve the friction between the wire rope and the traction sheave to avoid slippage.
According to the use of the elevator, reasonably select the lubricant, and keep the appropriate amount of lubricant. Avoid the situation of too much or too little lubricant to ensure the normal play of friction. Regularly check the lubrication system, clean the oil accumulation and replace the lubricant to maintain good lubrication condition.
Reasonably distribute the load in the elevator car to avoid overweight or uneven load. Regularly check the load sensors and control system of the elevator to ensure that they function properly and avoid the problem of wire rope slippage caused by uneven load distribution.
Provide professional training for elevator maintenance personnel to enhance their ability to recognize and deal with wire rope slippage. The training includes equipment inspection and maintenance techniques, troubleshooting methods and safe operation procedures to ensure the stable and safe operation of the elevator system.
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